Immediately’s tutorial will present you find out how to create a Python backend dapp that makes use of Solana API endpoints from Moralis. You’ll be capable to get native, fungible, and NFT balances and portfolios by pockets addresses. You’ll additionally learn to get NFT metadata and token costs. Due to Moralis’ Solana Python API, you possibly can, for instance, fetch pockets balances with the next code snippet:
@app.put up("/getWalletbalance")
def getWalletbalance():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.account.steadiness(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
The strains of code for the opposite 5 endpoints are fairly comparable. Primarily, they simply exchange “getWalletbalance” and “sol_api.account.steadiness“. So, do you wish to learn to work with Moralis’ Solana Python API and implement the above strains of code, together with the opposite 5 Solana API endpoints? If that’s the case, ensure that to create your free Moralis account and observe our lead!
Overview
The core of at this time’s article might be our Solana Python API tutorial. By following our steps, you’ll study to finish the preliminary setup and implement all present Moralis Solana APIs. By cloning our current frontend dapp, additionally, you will be capable to take a look at the backend functionalities. Since we have already got a NodeJS backend dapp that covers the identical six endpoints, this tutorial additionally demonstrates find out how to simply transition from NodeJS to Python. So, if you wish to learn to use the Solana API in Python, roll up your sleeves and observe our steps.
The sections beneath the tutorial embrace the theoretical features of at this time’s subject. That is the place you possibly can study what Solana and Python are and uncover extra particulars about Moralis’ Solana Python API and the way Moralis can additional elevate your Web3 improvement recreation on Solana and different in style programmable chains. In any case, the endpoints you’ll implement by finishing at this time’s tutorial are only a small a part of what Moralis gives.
Solana Python API Tutorial
As talked about above, we are going to use the frontend we created as a part of our Solana JavaScript improvement. Because of this we are going to merely exchange our NodeJS backend with Python with out affecting the frontend.
So, right here is our easy frontend enabling you to make the most of the facility of the Solana API endpoints. In fact, the precise performance relies on the backend that we’ll deal with herein. Here’s a screenshot of our frontend dapp:
Be aware: Should you’re serious about exploring the code behind the frontend dapp, use the video on the prime, beginning at 1:05. Plus, you possibly can entry the entire frontend script – “index.html” – on GitHub. In truth, in an effort to take a look at the backend that you just’re about to construct utilizing Python, we encourage you to clone our frontend.
Earlier than we present you find out how to use the Solana Python API, it’s essential to full the required setups. That mentioned, the next part focuses particularly on at this time’s instance mission; should you favor to make use of extra basic “Python and Web3” setup directions, ensure that to make use of our Web3 Python documentation web page.
Python Backend Setup
It’s best to have already got a “frontend” folder inside your “Solana API demo” mission that incorporates the above-mentioned “index.html” script. Should you determined to clone our NodeJS backend, you may need a “backend” folder there as nicely. That is what we’re beginning with:
Our first step is to create a “python-backend” folder. We do that by coming into the next command into our terminal:
mkdir python-backend
Then, we “cd” into this new folder:
cd python-backend
Subsequent, we create a brand new digital atmosphere for putting in and utilizing Python modules. We do that with the command beneath:
Python3 -m venv venv
Earlier than we will use the digital atmosphere, we additionally must activate it:
For that goal, we run the next command:
supply venv/bin/activate
Then, we additionally want to put in Flask, Flask CORS, Moralis, and Python “dotenv” modules:
pip set up flask flask_cors moralis python-dotenv
As soon as the above modules are put in, our digital atmosphere is prepared for use. As such, we will proceed with establishing the atmosphere variables. That is the place we’ll retailer the Moralis Web3 API key, which is the important thing to accessing the facility of Moralis’ Solana Python API. So, in case you haven’t created your Moralis account but, ensure that to take action now. Then, you’ll be capable to copy your Web3 API key out of your admin space in two clicks:
If in case you have your NodeJS backend recordsdata in the identical mission, you possibly can merely copy the “.env” file from there and paste it into your “python-backend” folder. In any other case, create a brand new “.env” file. Inside that file, you might want to have the “MORALIS_API_KEY” variable that holds the above-obtained API key as a price.
Now that we now have our digital atmosphere prepared, we will deal with implementing Solana Python API endpoints.
Easy methods to Use the Solana API in Python
To implement the Solana Python API endpoints, we have to create a brand new “index.py” file inside our “python-backend” folder. On the prime of that script, we import the above-installed packages:
from flask import Flask, request from flask_cors import CORS from moralis import sol_api from dotenv import dotenv_values
Subsequent, we have to guarantee this script obtains our Web3 API key from the “.env” file:
config = dotenv_values(".env")
moralis_api_key = config.get("MORALIS_API_KEY")
We outline a variable “app” utilizing Flask within the following line, and we additionally embrace “CORS” in that variable:
app = Flask(__name__) CORS(app)
We would like our backend dapp to run on port 9000 (the identical as our NodeJS backend). That manner, we don’t want to switch the URL in our frontend. So, we add the next code snippet on the backside of our script:
if __name__ == "__main__": app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=9000)
With the above strains of code in place, we will begin implementing Moralis’ Solana API endpoints:
- Stability API endpoints:
- Get native steadiness by pockets
- Get token steadiness by pockets
- Get portfolio by pockets
- Token API endpoints:
- NFT API endpoints:
- Get NFTs by pockets
- Get NFT metadata
As a substitute of ranging from scratch, you possibly can at all times copy code snippets for every endpoint from the API reference pages contained in the Moralis documentation. Right here’s an instance:
Implementing Solana Python API Endpoints
In our “index.py” script, slightly below the “CORS(app)” line, we have to outline routes and capabilities for every endpoint. Beginning with the “get native steadiness by pockets” endpoint, the strains of code within the intro do the trick.
With “@app.put up(“/getWalletbalance”)“, we create a brand new route in Python. Then, we use “def getWalletbalance():” to outline the operate for this endpoint. Contained in the operate, we learn the JSON knowledge with “physique = request.json“. Subsequent, we outline the endpoint’s parameter (all Moralis Solana API endpoints solely require the “deal with” and “community” parameters). Then, we use the “sol_api.account.steadiness” technique on our parameters and Web3 API key and retailer its knowledge underneath the “consequence” variable. Lastly, we return outcomes by returning the “consequence” variable. Once more, listed here are the strains of code for the “getWalletbalance” endpoint:
@app.put up("/getWalletbalance")
def getWalletbalance():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.account.steadiness(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
Different endpoints observe the very same ideas; we solely want to vary the routes, operate names, and strategies accordingly. Beneath are the snippets of code for the remaining 5 Solana Python API endpoints.
- The strains of code for the “getTokenbalance” endpoint:
@app.put up("/getTokenbalance")
def getTokenbalance():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.account.get_spl(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
- The strains of code for the “getNfts” endpoint:
@app.put up("/getNfts")
def getNfts():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.account.get_nfts(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
- The strains of code for the “getPortfolio” endpoint:
@app.put up("/getPortfolio")
def getPortfolio():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.account.get_portfolio(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
- The strains of code for the “getNFTMetadata” endpoint:
@app.put up("/getNFTMetadata")
def getNFTMetadata():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.nft.get_nft_metadata(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
- The strains of code for the “getTokenPrice” endpoint:
@app.put up("/getTokenPrice")
def getTokenPrice():
physique = request.json
params = {
"deal with": physique["address"],
"community": physique["network"]
}
consequence = sol_api.token.get_token_price(
api_key= moralis_api_key,
params = params
)
return consequence
Be aware: You possibly can entry the entire “index.py” script in our GitHub repo.
Testing Our Python Backend
Whereas contained in the “python-backend” folder, we use our terminal to run the “index.py” script with the next command:
Python3 index.py
This begins our backend on port 9000. Subsequent, we have to begin our frontend. We do that with the “Stay Server” extension in Visible Studio Code (VSC) by right-clicking our “index.html” script within the file tree:
Then, we use our frontend dapp by coming into the required values, deciding on the community sort, and hitting the set off button. Listed below are two examples:
- The “Get Native Stability by Pockets” function:
- The “Get Token Stability by Pockets” function:
In fact, the opposite 4 options work in the identical method.
Exploring Solana, Python, and the Main Web3 API Supplier
The next sections are for these of you who’re new to Solana or Python programming. These sections merely clarify what Solana and Python are, and as soon as the fundamentals, you possibly can additional discover how Moralis can support in your Solana programming endeavors.
What’s Solana?
Solana is a public and open-source programmable blockchain that helps sensible contracts. The latter are known as “applications” on Solana. By way of these on-chain applications, Solana additionally helps the creation of fungible and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and all types of dapps (decentralized purposes). In case you are accustomed to Ethereum or every other programmable chain, you most likely know that they normally preserve native cash. Solana isn’t any exception with its native coin, “SOL”. The SOL asset primarily gives community safety through Solana’s hybrid DeFi staking consensus. SOL can be the foreign money used to cowl transaction charges on Solana and might function a way to switch worth on the Solana chain.
Anatoly Yakovenko and Raj Gokal are the 2 main builders who launched Solana again in 2017. Each Yakovenko and Gokal are nonetheless considerably concerned with Solana Labs – a expertise firm that builds merchandise, instruments, and reference implementations to additional broaden the Solana ecosystem.
In case you are serious about studying extra concerning the Solana community, learn one in all our previous articles that dive deeper into the “what’s Solana?” subject.
What’s Python?
Python is a well-liked object-oriented, high-level programming language bellowed by quite a few builders. In any case, it has a slightly lengthy historical past – it’s been on the display since 1991. Plus, there are a lot of resemblances between Python and different programming languages, comparable to Ruby, Scheme, Perl, and Java. Python was designed by the developer Guido van Rossum, who sought to make it as easy as doable. Those that know and use Python declare it’s slightly straightforward to get began with, straightforward to study, and straightforward to make use of. Furthermore, in response to “python.org“, this programming language permits you to work rapidly and combine techniques extra successfully.
In comparison with JavaScript, which continues to be the most well-liked programming language, Python has fewer customers. Nonetheless, it’s among the many prime programming languages and is discovering its manner into Web3 improvement as nicely. Other than Solana dapps, you can too use Python for Ethereum improvement and all different EVM-compatible chains.
Solana Python API by Moralis
Should you took on at this time’s tutorial, you had an opportunity to study concerning the present Moralis Solana API endpoints. You even had a possibility to implement them utilizing the Solana Python API – the device that allows you to develop dapps on Solana utilizing Python. As such, you now know find out how to fetch NFT metadata, pockets portfolios, token balances, SPL token costs, and extra. As such, you should use this superb device to create killer dapps. As an example, you possibly can construct NFT marketplaces, token worth feeds, portfolio apps, and even Web3 video games. Moralis additionally helps each the Solana mainnet and Solana devnet. The latter allows you to take a look at your dapps earlier than taking them dwell.
There’s one other useful gizmo you should use when creating decentralized purposes – Moralis’ Web3 Auth API. The latter allows you to implement Web3 signups and logins on Solana and lots of different blockchains. So, except for the Solana Python API, Moralis allows you to use Python to create dapps on all main blockchains. If you deal with Ethereum and EVM-compatible chains, you can too take heed to sensible contracts and real-time pockets occasions with the Moralis Streams API. This additional expands the vary of functionalities you possibly can cowl together with your dapps.
Should you’d prefer to discover different improvement subjects and observe alongside in different step-by-step tutorials, ensure that to take a look at find out how to “create ERC20 token” and get Goerli ETH. Or, discover find out how to simply calculate gwei to ether utilizing an already-developed calculator!
Solana Python API – Easy methods to Use the Solana API in Python – Abstract
Solana is without doubt one of the hottest non-EVM-compatible blockchains. On the similar time, Python continues to realize reputation amongst Web3 builders. With that in thoughts, understanding find out how to take advantage of a dependable Solana Python API could make all of the distinction when creating dapps. Due to at this time’s tutorial, that to begin working with this highly effective API device, you solely want a free Moralis account.
In case you are severe about Solana improvement, you must also know find out how to reply the “what’s a Solana pockets?” query. In time, you’ll additionally wish to discover Solana sensible contract constructing. Nonetheless, you can begin by some Solana sensible contract examples. In any case, the correct of verified contract is without doubt one of the important Solana NFT mint instruments and arguably the best technique to create NFTs.
Whether or not you wish to deal with constructing dapps on Solana or every other main blockchain, Moralis has your again. You should use JS, Python, or many different Moralis SDKs to affix the Web3 revolution. Plus, Moralis’ YouTube channel and crypto weblog will help you grow to be a Web3 developer without spending a dime.
Nonetheless, it’s possible you’ll be serious about taking a extra skilled strategy to your blockchain improvement. In that case, it is best to take into account enrolling in Moralis Academy. There, you’ll get to attend many pro-grade programs, such because the “Solana Programming 101” course!
