Layer 2 Neighborhood Grants Winners

The Privateness & Scaling Explorations workforce is happy to announce the winners of the Layer 2 Neighborhood Grants 2022.

The Layer 2 Neighborhood Grants spherical began on October twenty fourth, 2022 and was open for six weeks. In whole we obtained 130+ proposals and thank every venture for taking the time to use.
The wishlist compiled sought purposes from all areas together with Layer 2 explorers, cryptography, and training.

This chart exhibits proportion of preliminary candidates by class:

Because of the prime quality of proposals, we raised the finances from an preliminary 750k USD to a complete of 948k USD.

The awarded purposes proportion per class:

Grantees

We congratulate the 22 grantees awarded and current their venture descriptions damaged down by class:

? Cybersecurity

• Candidelabs – ERC-4337 Public Infrastructure

  • An open supply bundler and a paymaster service as public good infrastructure for ERC-4337 good contracts wallets, layer 2 targeted.

• Quantstamp – Rollup Safety Framework

  • The venture will create an in depth safety framework for distinctive options of rollups. They need to set up a basis for fundamental finest practices and transparency for these options to help new builders of those methods and allow the group to evaluate the safety dangers of a selected rollup earlier than they use one. Related to people who can be found for good contract growth and the very high-level overviews of rollup safety like L2Beat.com. The framework will talk about issues and particulars of escape hatch growth and operational dangers for end-users and builders and set up a constant language for these and different options.

?‍? Person Expertise

• Spiro – zkWallet

  • Multi-party wallets (e.g. Gnosis protected multisigs) are a confirmed means for a bunch of customers to share management over an account’s digital belongings and behaviors. Sadly, present implementations of multi-party wallets expose the privateness of their whole variety of operators and their related externally owned accounts. The purpose of this venture is to construct a non-public multi-party pockets that shields finish customers by using account abstraction (EIP-4337) and zero-knowledge proofs.

• Kautuk Kundan – Stackr Community

  • Stackr community is an SDK for launching standalone customizable app-specific rollups utilizing acquainted web2-like tooling. It focuses on the core precept of a roll-up, that’s, to run a state machine off-chain and use L1 to retailer transaction particulars. This may be achieved by general-purpose languages that may keep the app-state off-chain and supply an interface to work together with it, thus appearing as a standalone L2. It permits constructing a brand new class of purposes that may have extra freedom over their execution decisions.

• ScopeLift – L2 Optimizors

  • Layer 2 networks share safety with main-net by posting transaction name knowledge to Layer 1. Because of this, Layer 2 customers pay their portion of the main-net fuel prices when executing transactions. Layer 1 fuel could be >25,000x costlier than Layer 2 fuel, so paying for name knowledge dominates L2 transaction prices. With customized router contracts that use much less name knowledge than normal strategies, we will considerably scale back transaction prices to work together with fashionable protocols.

• Testinprod – Layer1.5

  • Layer 1.5 allows anybody to launch their very own Layer 2 by offering simple instruments. It supplies a simple utility that launches your personal Layer 2 with needed instruments—for instance, block explorer, token bridge, monitoring instruments, and so forth.

• ScopeLift – Layer 2 Governance with Versatile Voting

  • Versatile Voting is an extension of the favored Governor system utilized by many DAOs. It permits new sorts of delegation contracts to be written, making it simpler for governance token holders to take part in on-chain votes. One such use case is the topic of this grant: Layer 2 governance voting. Holders of bridged governance tokens might vote from Layer 2, paying the cheaper fuel costs out there there. These votes could be trustlessly mirrored on L1 the place the DAO’s Governor system is deployed.

• Clement Walter – Starksheet

  • Starksheet goals to democratize the entry and utilization of on-chain sources (knowledge and logic). It leverages a well-recognized spreadsheet to assist the person question and hyperlink on-chain sources. The work is saved on-chain as NFTs and could be queried later-on from every other dApp/contract

• Kristof Gazso – Typescript ERC-4337 Bundler

  • The venture will embody the event of an ERC-4337 bundler in Typescript and the related modifications to a Geth node for simulation functions in order that the bundler can run on any straight Geth-compatible chain (which incorporates most L2s) with little modifications. The bundler will even expose the RPC calls outlined within the specification, and keep an inside mempool to be future-proof when P2P propagation can be developed.

• Soul Pockets – Open-source ERC-4337 pockets

  • Straightforward-to-use browser pockets implementation powered by ERC-4337.

? Neighborhood and Schooling

• Jose Figueroa – L2 en Español
  
  • L2 en Español is an open group that goals to analysis, educate and drive the adoption in all these Ethereum’s scaling options. They concentrate on each builders and new customers of their quest to remain updated with these applied sciences and their utility. We create content material and perform completely different actions from publications to workshops free of charge, whereas supporting the completely different initiatives that innovate on this area, whereas sustaining additionally its core neutrality.

• Bruce Xu – MyFirstLayer2
  

  • This can be an open-source, community-driven, and academic venture. This can be an internet site for folks inquisitive about Layer2 however with out prior information about Layer2 or Blockchain. We purpose to make use of well-designed diagrams and interactive animation to assist folks get the thought behind Layer2 in 30mins. Afterward, we are going to information folks to some real-world Layer2 apps step-by-step and allow them to really feel the advantages of Layer2.

?️ Information Evaluation

• Blockscout – Blockscout Block Explorer
  
  • An open-source block explorer is at present wanted for the L2 ecosystem. Blockscout is already utilized by many L2 initiatives, and extra customizations particular to L2 knowledge necessities will improve usability. As well as, a brand new interface, options, analytics and developer pleasant enhancements will assist create a extra clear and usable group explorer.

• Quantstamp – Evaluating Rollup Compression
  
  • Compression is commonly neglected when discussing rollups. By design, rollups are required to make knowledge out there with the intention to confirm state transitions or state roots; nevertheless, the strategy for this publication varies, and will embody compressed knowledge. There’s additionally variability within the compression strategies used. This venture will discover using compression within the rollup setting. First, the venture will explicate locations the place compression is used and doc the strategies that could be used. Second, the venture will survey current rollups to research the approaches which might be truly utilized in observe. Third, the venture will consider approaches proposed or used throughout comparable methods and try to determine why a selected strategy is used. Lastly, the venture will use the insights collected with the intention to counsel new approaches for compression of rollup knowledge and pose open issues to the group.

• Diablobench – Efficiency and Safety Analysis of Layer 2 Blockchain Methods
  
  • The College of Sydney and the EPFL have designed a benchmark suite to judge the safety and efficiency of blockchain methods. The primary evaluations in contrast layer 1 blockchains resembling Algorand, Solana and Diem and can be revealed quickly in a peer reviewed worldwide convention (Eurosys). This venture goals at including layer 2 blockchain methods to the Diablo benchmark and to make use of it to supply the primary intensive and practical benchmark analysis of layer 2 blockchain methods on a worldwide deployment.

• Web3-data – Layer 2 Exercise Monitoring & Comparability Suite
  
  • By means of this venture, we purpose to ship a high-quality set of Dashboards that assist allow knowledge scientists, researchers, and all group members to higher perceive Layer 2 Exercise
  • We are going to mixture knowledge throughout Layer 2 networks leveraging sources resembling Dune, L2Beats, Santiment, CoinGecko, Github, Discord, and, in lots of instances, straight from the venture APIs/RPCs.
  • We are going to clear and arrange this knowledge to offer a set of shows that may enable the group to visualise modifications throughout key L2 metrics (e.g. tps, hire paid to Ethereum, progress in TVL, day by day lively addresses, new addresses, whole addresses, charges paid, and developer exercise primarily based on GitHub affiliated repo commits).
  • We purpose to label good contracts (and in the end allow the group to label good contracts) by utilization classes (Native switch, DeFi DEX, DeFi different, NFT, CEX, Stablecoin, ERC20 different, L2 hire, Bridge, Arbitrage/MEV, Utility). This labeling will enable us to research and visualize the utilization patterns on a excessive stage and likewise present the “hottest” good contracts within the completely different utilization classes. We’re leveraging recognized labels from Dune, Arbiscan, Etherscan, and others.

• L2 Beat – L2 Beat
  
  • Proceed to work on clear and verifiable insights into rising layer two (L2) applied sciences with expanded metrics and training.

? Information Visualization

• Quantstamp – Again-Finish API Commonplace for L2 Block Exporers
  
  • This venture will clearly outline properties {that a} block explorer ought to implement with the intention to be thought-about feature-complete within the common layer two setting. Moreover, our purpose is to suggest and specify a typical API interface that the layer two networks ought to expose to common block explorers. We envision that such a standardized interface will allow and vastly simplify the event of a number of block explorers that may plug-and-play reusable with all of the layer 2 networks that help the usual. Within the perfect situation, the usual would flip the event of the core of a brand new block explorer right into a venture that could possibly be accomplished by an skilled workforce throughout a weekend hackathon. Our purpose can be to additionally outline a typical that’s consumer-agnostic. As such, it is not going to matter whether or not it’s consumed by a block explorer that’s offered commercially, is open supply, or probably even decentralized. The venture can pay particular consideration to what distinctive layer two knowledge a block explorer ought to present, with an emphasis on these associated to safety of the chains monitored by it.

• Blossom Labs – Blobscan
  
  • The primary explorer for the EIP-4844 shard blob transactions. It indexes and presents them in a searchable format that the person can visualize and navigate by means of in a simple means, offering the required infrastructure to scale Ethereum.

? Cryptography and Zero-knowledge proofs

• Zhe Ye, Ujval Misra, and Daybreak Track (College of California at Berkeley) – Specular
  
  • The preferred optimistic rollups (ORUs) as we speak, Arbitrum and Optimism, try to increase current Ethereum shopper software program (Geth) to help interactive fraud proof (IFP) development, aiming to reuse prior L1 engineering efforts and replicate EVM semantics at L2. Sadly, to take action they tightly couple their on-chain IFP verifier with a particular shopper program binary—oblivious to its higher-level semantics. This strategy (1) precludes the trust-minimized, permissionless participation of a number of Ethereum shopper packages, magnifying monocolture failure threat; (2) results in an unnecessarily giant and complicated trusted computing base (TCB) that’s troublesome to independently audit; and, (3) suffers from a frequently-triggered, but opaque improve course of—each additional rising auditing overhead, and complicating on-chain entry management within the long-term.
  • We’re subsequently targeted on constructing a safe, trust-minimized ORU that addresses these issues, whereas preserving scalability and dispute decision effectivity. To take action, we’ve got designed an IFP system native to the EVM, that enforces Ethereum’s semi-formally specified semantics [5] exactly on the stage of a single EVM instruction. As part of this work, we constructed Specular, an ORU which leverages Geth—modified minimally with solely 99 lines-of-code to help IFP development—demonstrating the practicality, extensibility and trust-minimal nature of our strategy.

• Nethermind, Justin Thaler (Georgetown College), Matthew Inexperienced (Johns Hopkins College), and Pratyush Tiwari (Georgetown College) – Concrete Safety Evaluation for L2 Deployed Proof Methods
  
  • We suggest to research the concrete safety of the proof methods (SNARKs, STARKs) that safe -rollups. We observe that some proof methods have safety analyzed within the interactive setting, whereas their safety after making use of the Fiat—Shamir transformation is just conjectured. Moreover, we imagine that in some instances extra environment friendly assaults are potential than the claimed safety stage asserts.

• Ethstorage – Proof of Storage on L2 Dynamic Datasets with an Ethereum L1 Contract
  
  • Given an inventory of commitments of BLOBs (e.g., KZG commitments from EIP-4844/Danksharding, listed from 0…n-1) in an L1 contract, the venture is to check an environment friendly proof system to effectively confirm on L1 that the BLOBs are saved off-chain with the specified redundancy (e.g., 30~50 bodily replicas). By placing these storage nodes in an L2 community and assuming 1/m of nodes is sincere, we might construct an L2 storage community that reuses mainnet safety whereas extending Ethereum scalability dramatically.
  • Additional analysis will try to reply the questions of the best way to construct the proof/verification system if the BLOBs and the commitments are consistently modified (e.g., new BLOBs are appended to the checklist or a BLOB of an index is modified); and the best way to construct incentivized/fee system to make sure desired replication issue utilizing ETH as fee; it’s potential to ask a storage node to retailer partial BLOBs whereas sustaining the identical stage of safety of Mainnet?

We had been extraordinarily proud of the standard of candidates for this grants spherical. The analysis and work they produce may have a optimistic affect on the ecosystem. We propose keeping track of them!