When a newly constructed gateway and tower, constructed utilizing the proof of two,000-year-old timber submit holes, opens to guests on 19 April, it should assist make sense of a puzzling Roman website: the “port” of Richborough in Kent, an island gateway to the Roman invasion of Britain, which now lies greater than two miles inland.
The gate and tower, reconstructed from foundations uncovered in latest excavations, will assist clarify why the Romans selected the location—now within the care of English Heritage—as their base for the invasion of 43AD. The fort developed right into a affluent buying and selling city, with an amphitheatre and a marble clad triumphal arch, however the one stays right now are imposing stretches of the partitions encircling inexperienced humps and bumps within the fields. The location was step by step deserted as the ocean channels silted up, and by no means rebuilt. Sharp-eyed passengers on the trains that edge the fort can see a large chunk of Roman wall, which collapsed and slid down the financial institution into the river.
The view from the highest of the gate tower reveals a flat panorama nonetheless patchworked with ditches and creeks. It appears like an unpromising website for an invasion, however when the Roman galleys arrived in 43AD, the River Wantsum was navigable for ships so far as Richborough island. There, a shallow gravel shore gave a protected touchdown place shielded from the notorious shoals and sandbanks off Ramsgate, generally known as the “ship swallower” and nonetheless studded with hundreds of shipwrecks. The excessive windy ridge of the islet gave a commanding view of the encompassing space, with sufficient land to determine a fort that grew right into a affluent buying and selling port. From Richborough their ships might attain the Thames at Reculver. Marching males might additionally press far inland: guests can nonetheless stroll out via a spot within the partitions onto a farm monitor that marks the start of Watling Avenue, probably the most well-known Roman roads as soon as main north via London and St Albans and on to the Roman city at Wroxeter.
Archaeologists discovered the foundations of the timber gate and tower in 2021, and the eight-metre-tall reconstruction, in-built oak utilizing Roman woodworking strategies and handmade nails, is predicated on one depicted on Trajan’s Column in Rome.
Richborough Roman Fort and Amphitheatre in Kent, England Picture: Jim Holden. Courtesy English Heritage
Paul Pattison, senior properties historian at English Heritage, described the reconstruction as exceptional: “The Roman invasion was a serious milestone in our historical past. We all know that Richborough witnessed over 360 years of Roman rule—from the very starting to the bitter finish—however standing atop this eight-metre-high gateway, searching and imagining what the primary Romans might need seen, is sort of an expertise.”
Because it was first excavated within the Twenties, the location has yielded a number of the richest finds from any Roman website in Britain, together with 56,000 cash, 460 brooches and greater than 1,000 hairpins. The location museum will show latest finds for the primary time, together with a glass cup made within the Center East testifying to luxurious imports via the city, hairpins together with one in gold and a crude native copy, and a set of scales within the type of Harpocrates, the god of silence—a singular instance in Britain.
• Richborough Roman Fort and Amphitheatre and the newly constructed gateway open on 19 April
